What is the function of an aircraft's ailerons?

The ailerons are crucial flight control surfaces located on the wings of an aircraft. Their primary function is to control the roll of the aircraft. When a pilot moves the control yoke or stick to one side, the aileron on that wing moves upwards while the aileron on the opposite wing moves downwards. This creates a difference in lift between the two wings, causing the aircraft to roll in the direction of the raised aileron. This rolling motion is essential for maneuvering the aircraft during turns and helps maintain stability in flight.

While other systems and controls are responsible for thrust management, altitude control, and directional changes, the specific role of the ailerons is to affect the roll, making them a key component in achieving and maintaining controlled flight.