What is the role of the magnetic compass in navigation?

The magnetic compass plays a crucial role in navigation by indicating the aircraft's heading relative to magnetic north. This is essential for maintaining the correct course during flight. The compass works based on the Earth's magnetic field, allowing pilots to determine their orientation in relation to geographical directions. Understanding the aircraft's heading is vital for navigation, especially when flying in controlled airspace or when executing specific flight patterns, avoiding obstacles, and ensuring safety.

The compass does not track airspeed changes, calculate altitude, or identify weather conditions, which are functions fulfilled by other instruments and systems on the aircraft. Airspeed is measured by a pitot-static system, altitude is determined by an altimeter, and weather conditions are assessed through various meteorological tools and reports. Thus, the compass's primary focus remains on providing accurate heading information, making it a fundamental instrument in a pilot's suite for navigating successfully.