What is 'wake turbulence'?

Wake turbulence refers specifically to the disturbances in the atmosphere that occur due to an aircraft moving through the air. When an aircraft flies, it generates vortices, primarily from its wings, which create turbulent air currents behind the aircraft. These vortices can pose a significant hazard to following aircraft, particularly smaller ones, as they can cause sudden and unexpected changes in flight performance.

Understanding wake turbulence is crucial for pilots and air traffic controllers to ensure safety during takeoff, landing, and in-flight operations. By recognizing the nature and effects of these atmospheric disturbances, pilots can take appropriate measures, such as maintaining adequate spacing from larger aircraft, to avoid potential incidents. This knowledge is vital for managing flight safety, especially in busy airspace or during ground operations.